gshadow

GSHADOW(5) File Formats and Configuration GSHADOW(5)

NAME

   gshadow - shadowed group file

DESCRIPTION

   /etc/gshadow contains the shadowed information for group accounts.

   This file must not be readable by regular users if password security is to be maintained.

   Each line of this file contains the following colon-separated fields:

   group name
       It must be a valid group name, which exists on the system.

   encrypted password
       Refer to crypt(3) for details on how this string is interpreted.

       If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of crypt(3), for instance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but
       group members do not need the password).

       The password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain the permissions of this group (see newgrp(1)).

       This field may be empty, in which case only the group members can gain the group permissions.

       A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was
       locked.

       This password supersedes any password specified in /etc/group.

   administrators
       It must be a comma-separated list of user names.

       Administrators can change the password or the members of the group.

       Administrators also have the same permissions as the members (see below).

   members
       It must be a comma-separated list of user names.

       Members can access the group without being prompted for a password.

       You should use the same list of users as in /etc/group.

FILES

   /etc/group
       Group account information.

   /etc/gshadow
       Secure group account information.

SEE ALSO

   gpasswd(5), group(5), grpck(8), grpconv(8), newgrp(1).

shadow-utils 4.17.4 04/19/2025 GSHADOW(5)